In a time when we should increase awareness of public opinion on the issue of the hydrogeological and the idea of \u200b\u200bslope instability This blog seems adequate and appropriate. Even because we are living on this side or we build structures, often recklessly, even if sometimes touted as the projects of primary importance for the industrial and economic development in a specific region.
Although my studies have approached questions of different types do not deny that the geomorphology in general I have always had a strong interest, interest ancestral brings me back to my childhood and my love for geography.
During my studies I had to get close to gravitational phenomena as (or related to) collapse, colamenti and (especially) lahar. Everything was channeled to one of my study on the phenomenon of instability in volcanic environment. And 'obviously no need to stress as eruptive activity (especially of Plinian type) can cause big changes beyond the purely regional geological, volcanological and petrographic specific interest. For example, the age-old question of whether we should consider the "lahar" a purely event-related volcanism (perhaps to a secondary volcanism) or a mechanism closely related to the geomorphology of the region under consideration. Fragmentation of magma during Plinian eruption can then play a key role in weaving and cohesion of the loose sediment: the Sarno landslide of 1988 was a classic case of such a harmful combination: pyroclastic material rich in SiO2, fine, tinted made unstable by rainwater and the activity man.
Many of you know that one of my field of inquiry was, of course for study and academic training, mainly Central America and Nicaragua. In addition, since Leonardo says in its article, the use of technologically advanced machinery and equipment, would also be interesting to compare the methodologies of research and experimental approach in a country relatively new technologies such as Italy and a country like Nicaragua which has strong motives in wanting to fill some gaps in knowledge concerning one of its most pressing problems as the hydrogeological. Recall that Nicaragua is a country of tropical rainfall with has a high range of values \u200b\u200bbetween the "half wet" and "half dry". Imagine the conditions of fixity and strength of its sides to the arrival of the first six months after torrential rains impressive total of drought.
Landslides on which I dwelt in Nicaragua (especially lahar) mainly concern the area of \u200b\u200bManagua and the area of \u200b\u200bSan Cristobal and Casitas volcano (in the north-west of the country). I attach to this article and some interesting pictures you will notice that some phenomena are extremely important posting.
The photo (1) was taken by myself during a trip to the aforementioned S. Cristobal (left) and Casitas (right) is remarkable that opened the gash on the right for a gravitational phenomena linked to the activity of Hurricane Mitch in 1998. The event can be defined as a debris avalanche that has gaping cold the slope, creating a discontinuity in the mantle of vegetation. The picture may not make the idea and grandeur of the phenomenon but, trust who has been there is something awesome to see.
The photo (2) shows the same event, but perhaps makes a better idea of \u200b\u200bthe material deposited in the foothills, this picture is derived from a publication INETER (Nicaraguan Institute Estudios Territoriales).
The photo (3), always taken by me, shows another volcano in Nicaragua: the Cerro Negro. We look like a landslide, probably synchronous Strombolian-type eruptive activity, has resulted in the accumulation of juvenile material (ash and slag) would make the slope unstable with subsequent landslide, although I would not call it a real lahar . From a purely particle size could be a dripping but there is no certainty that there was a simultaneous wetting of the deposit due to meteoric activity.
The photo (4) shows the situation at the foot of Cerro Los construction Martinez, a relief that washes the western outskirts of the city of Managua. It is obviously very interesting because it shows the urban situation (obviously messy and chaotic) at the foot of the slopes so unstable. Excessive deforestation and reconstruction reckless and disorderly in the city after the earthquake of 1972 (which destroyed almost) make it highly probable event trigger catastrophic gravitational especially interested in certain neighborhoods of crumbling suburbs. Managua is a city of 1,500,000 inhabitants.
Some Italian NGOs were tasked with developing a micro-zoning map of the city of Managua risk: it was developing a GIS in order to correlate each batch of the city with the main sources of risk (earthquakes, rainfall, landslides, floods, volcanic volcanic) and possibly develop a hazard map in order to carry out infrastructure improvements and preventive works. Great difficulties to the development of this project were caused by bureaucratic delays and inadequate geological knowledge of the area. Unfortunately I do not know the status of implementation of this project that could definitely be of any real and concrete.
It (5) obviously does not need to comment further and highlights the highly precarious situation of the suburbs addossatesi uncontrollably in highly unstable slopes.
In many publications and studies by researchers in many European, American and Japanese, not about methodologies for monitoring and control, but are treated only cartographic analysis and in the geomorphological GIS. This innovative study methodology could be 10 or 15 years ago, while today a development in GIS is considered an introductory stage to a more complete plan of instrumental control and monitoring via satellite.
The proposal that I make in this blog is to weave a plot against linked to different types of landslides on the basis of what we studied and observed, and not pausing only to the Alps to Sicily, but also from areas' intense volcanic activity as the Central American arc. Could carry out projects or discussions about the most advanced monitoring techniques that could take root in areas not yet accustomed to a certain type of study.
The man, over the centuries has used its best energies in achieving total knowledge of reality with which it interacts. Because of our intellectual and sensory limitations we can not know reality in its absolute essence, because we (or we assume) to make the laws more or less constant and universal through empirical studies, related to the phenomena that we can only observe. Ergo, the model will be for us always an approximation, but will never be the carrier for a full airing.
Stat pristine pink nomination, appointment tenemus naked.
Although my studies have approached questions of different types do not deny that the geomorphology in general I have always had a strong interest, interest ancestral brings me back to my childhood and my love for geography.
During my studies I had to get close to gravitational phenomena as (or related to) collapse, colamenti and (especially) lahar. Everything was channeled to one of my study on the phenomenon of instability in volcanic environment. And 'obviously no need to stress as eruptive activity (especially of Plinian type) can cause big changes beyond the purely regional geological, volcanological and petrographic specific interest. For example, the age-old question of whether we should consider the "lahar" a purely event-related volcanism (perhaps to a secondary volcanism) or a mechanism closely related to the geomorphology of the region under consideration. Fragmentation of magma during Plinian eruption can then play a key role in weaving and cohesion of the loose sediment: the Sarno landslide of 1988 was a classic case of such a harmful combination: pyroclastic material rich in SiO2, fine, tinted made unstable by rainwater and the activity man.
Many of you know that one of my field of inquiry was, of course for study and academic training, mainly Central America and Nicaragua. In addition, since Leonardo says in its article, the use of technologically advanced machinery and equipment, would also be interesting to compare the methodologies of research and experimental approach in a country relatively new technologies such as Italy and a country like Nicaragua which has strong motives in wanting to fill some gaps in knowledge concerning one of its most pressing problems as the hydrogeological. Recall that Nicaragua is a country of tropical rainfall with has a high range of values \u200b\u200bbetween the "half wet" and "half dry". Imagine the conditions of fixity and strength of its sides to the arrival of the first six months after torrential rains impressive total of drought.
Landslides on which I dwelt in Nicaragua (especially lahar) mainly concern the area of \u200b\u200bManagua and the area of \u200b\u200bSan Cristobal and Casitas volcano (in the north-west of the country). I attach to this article and some interesting pictures you will notice that some phenomena are extremely important posting.
The photo (1) was taken by myself during a trip to the aforementioned S. Cristobal (left) and Casitas (right) is remarkable that opened the gash on the right for a gravitational phenomena linked to the activity of Hurricane Mitch in 1998. The event can be defined as a debris avalanche that has gaping cold the slope, creating a discontinuity in the mantle of vegetation. The picture may not make the idea and grandeur of the phenomenon but, trust who has been there is something awesome to see.
The photo (2) shows the same event, but perhaps makes a better idea of \u200b\u200bthe material deposited in the foothills, this picture is derived from a publication INETER (Nicaraguan Institute Estudios Territoriales).
The photo (3), always taken by me, shows another volcano in Nicaragua: the Cerro Negro. We look like a landslide, probably synchronous Strombolian-type eruptive activity, has resulted in the accumulation of juvenile material (ash and slag) would make the slope unstable with subsequent landslide, although I would not call it a real lahar . From a purely particle size could be a dripping but there is no certainty that there was a simultaneous wetting of the deposit due to meteoric activity.
The photo (4) shows the situation at the foot of Cerro Los construction Martinez, a relief that washes the western outskirts of the city of Managua. It is obviously very interesting because it shows the urban situation (obviously messy and chaotic) at the foot of the slopes so unstable. Excessive deforestation and reconstruction reckless and disorderly in the city after the earthquake of 1972 (which destroyed almost) make it highly probable event trigger catastrophic gravitational especially interested in certain neighborhoods of crumbling suburbs. Managua is a city of 1,500,000 inhabitants.
Some Italian NGOs were tasked with developing a micro-zoning map of the city of Managua risk: it was developing a GIS in order to correlate each batch of the city with the main sources of risk (earthquakes, rainfall, landslides, floods, volcanic volcanic) and possibly develop a hazard map in order to carry out infrastructure improvements and preventive works. Great difficulties to the development of this project were caused by bureaucratic delays and inadequate geological knowledge of the area. Unfortunately I do not know the status of implementation of this project that could definitely be of any real and concrete.
It (5) obviously does not need to comment further and highlights the highly precarious situation of the suburbs addossatesi uncontrollably in highly unstable slopes.
In many publications and studies by researchers in many European, American and Japanese, not about methodologies for monitoring and control, but are treated only cartographic analysis and in the geomorphological GIS. This innovative study methodology could be 10 or 15 years ago, while today a development in GIS is considered an introductory stage to a more complete plan of instrumental control and monitoring via satellite.
The proposal that I make in this blog is to weave a plot against linked to different types of landslides on the basis of what we studied and observed, and not pausing only to the Alps to Sicily, but also from areas' intense volcanic activity as the Central American arc. Could carry out projects or discussions about the most advanced monitoring techniques that could take root in areas not yet accustomed to a certain type of study.
The man, over the centuries has used its best energies in achieving total knowledge of reality with which it interacts. Because of our intellectual and sensory limitations we can not know reality in its absolute essence, because we (or we assume) to make the laws more or less constant and universal through empirical studies, related to the phenomena that we can only observe. Ergo, the model will be for us always an approximation, but will never be the carrier for a full airing.
Stat pristine pink nomination, appointment tenemus naked.
